TODO_list_system/backend/app.py

import os
import logging
from datetime import datetime
from flask import Flask, jsonify
from flask_cors import CORS
from flask_jwt_extended import JWTManager
from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
from flask_migrate import Migrate
from flask_mail import Mail
from config import config
from models import db
from utils.logger import setup_logger

# Import blueprints
from routes.auth import auth_bp
from routes.todos import todos_bp
from routes.users import users_bp
from routes.admin import admin_bp
from routes.health import health_bp
from routes.reports import reports_bp
from routes.excel import excel_bp
from routes.notifications import notifications_bp
from routes.scheduler import scheduler_bp

migrate = Migrate()
mail = Mail()
jwt = JWTManager()

def setup_jwt_error_handlers(jwt):
    @jwt.expired_token_loader
    def expired_token_callback(jwt_header, jwt_payload):
        return jsonify({'msg': 'Token has expired'}), 401

    @jwt.invalid_token_loader
    def invalid_token_callback(error):
        return jsonify({'msg': 'Invalid token'}), 401

    @jwt.unauthorized_loader
    def missing_token_callback(error):
        return jsonify({'msg': 'Missing Authorization Header'}), 401

def create_app(config_name=None):
    if config_name is None:
        config_name = os.environ.get('FLASK_ENV', 'development')
    
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.config.from_object(config[config_name])
    
    # Initialize extensions
    db.init_app(app)
    migrate.init_app(app, db)
    mail.init_app(app)
    jwt.init_app(app)
    
    # Setup CORS
    CORS(app, 
         origins=app.config['CORS_ORIGINS'],
         methods=['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'PATCH', 'DELETE', 'OPTIONS'],
         allow_headers=['Content-Type', 'Authorization'],
         supports_credentials=True,
         expose_headers=['Content-Type', 'Authorization'])
    
    # Setup logging
    setup_logger(app)
    
    # Setup JWT error handlers
    setup_jwt_error_handlers(jwt)
    
    # Register blueprints
    app.register_blueprint(auth_bp, url_prefix='/api/auth')
    app.register_blueprint(todos_bp, url_prefix='/api/todos')
    app.register_blueprint(users_bp, url_prefix='/api/users')
    app.register_blueprint(admin_bp, url_prefix='/api/admin')
    app.register_blueprint(health_bp, url_prefix='/api/health')
    app.register_blueprint(reports_bp, url_prefix='/api/reports')
    app.register_blueprint(excel_bp, url_prefix='/api/excel')
    app.register_blueprint(notifications_bp, url_prefix='/api/notifications')
    app.register_blueprint(scheduler_bp, url_prefix='/api/scheduler')
    
    # Register error handlers
    register_error_handlers(app)
    
    # Create tables
    with app.app_context():
        db.create_all()
    
    return app

def register_error_handlers(app):
    @app.errorhandler(400)
    def bad_request(error):
        return jsonify({'error': 'Bad Request', 'message': str(error)}), 400
    
    @app.errorhandler(401)
    def unauthorized(error):
        return jsonify({'error': 'Unauthorized', 'message': 'Authentication required'}), 401
    
    @app.errorhandler(403)
    def forbidden(error):
        return jsonify({'error': 'Forbidden', 'message': 'Access denied'}), 403
    
    @app.errorhandler(404)
    def not_found(error):
        return jsonify({'error': 'Not Found', 'message': 'Resource not found'}), 404
    
    @app.errorhandler(500)
    def internal_error(error):
        db.session.rollback()
        app.logger.error(f"Internal error: {error}")
        return jsonify({'error': 'Internal Server Error', 'message': 'An error occurred'}), 500
    
    # Database connection error handlers
    from sqlalchemy.exc import OperationalError, DisconnectionError, TimeoutError
    from pymysql.err import OperationalError as PyMySQLOperationalError, Error as PyMySQLError
    
    @app.errorhandler(OperationalError)
    def handle_db_operational_error(error):
        db.session.rollback()
        app.logger.error(f"Database operational error: {error}")
        
        # Check if it's a connection timeout or server unavailable error
        error_str = str(error)
        if 'timed out' in error_str or 'Lost connection' in error_str or "Can't connect" in error_str:
            return jsonify({
                'error': 'Database Connection Error',
                'message': '資料庫連線暫時不穩定，請稍後再試'
            }), 503
        
        return jsonify({
            'error': 'Database Error', 
            'message': '資料庫操作失敗，請稍後再試'
        }), 500
    
    @app.errorhandler(DisconnectionError)
    def handle_db_disconnection_error(error):
        db.session.rollback()
        app.logger.error(f"Database disconnection error: {error}")
        return jsonify({
            'error': 'Database Connection Lost',
            'message': '資料庫連線中斷，正在重新連線，請稍後再試'
        }), 503
    
    @app.errorhandler(TimeoutError)
    def handle_db_timeout_error(error):
        db.session.rollback()
        app.logger.error(f"Database timeout error: {error}")
        return jsonify({
            'error': 'Database Timeout',
            'message': '資料庫操作超時，請稍後再試'
        }), 504

    @app.errorhandler(Exception)
    def handle_exception(error):
        db.session.rollback()
        app.logger.error(f"Unhandled exception: {error}", exc_info=True)
        return jsonify({'error': 'Server Error', 'message': 'An unexpected error occurred'}), 500

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = create_app()
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=True)